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| image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | pseudonym = | birth_name = Jia Yinghua () | birth_date = 1952 | birth_place = Beijing | death_date = | death_place = | resting_place = | occupation = Writer | language = Chinese language|Chinese | nationality = Chinese | ethnicity = | citizenship = | education =History- Beijing Normal University | alma_mater = | period = 1979 – present | genre = | subject =History、Biography | hobbies = history、 calligraphy 、Peking Opera | notableworks = | spouse = | partner = | children = | relatives = | awards = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | portaldisp = }} Jia Yinghua () was a Chinese writer and researcher who focused on the late Qing Dynasty. He served as Vice President of the Biography Society of China, commissioner of National Commission of the Chinese Writers’ Association, President of China's Electrical Power Writers' Association. Representative works of his include ''The Later Half of the Last Emperor's Life'' (), ''The Last Eunuch of China: The Life of Sun Yaoting]]'' (), ''The Last Emperor’s Brother: The Life of Pujie'' (). The Japanese version of The Later Half of the Last Emperor's Life is a bestseller in Japan, attracting great attention and garnering enormous popularity. According to authoritative media and press organizations in more than 100 countries and regions, including China, the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Japan, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan this book is a successful continuation of ''From Emperor to Citizen'' (): The Autobiography of Aisin-Gioro Pu Yi () written by Pu Yi himself. The Chinese version of ''The Later Half of the Last Emperor’s Life'' is always a domestic bestseller and has been published nine times in total, and also won the Gold Key Award in the 5th Chinese Books Fair. His calligraphic works were also incorporated into ''First Exhibition of Chinese Celebrities’ Calligraphic Works'', ''Exhibition of Contemporary Celebrities’ Paintings and Calligraphies'', etc. His book ''The Extraordinary Life of The Last Emperor of China'' was awarded the country's top prize for biographies in 2013. ==Early life== Jia Yinghua, a native of Beijing, grew up in Dongsi lane (hutong) 9th where the essence of "Noble East" of the old saying "Rich West and Noble East" lies. From the lanes 1st to the 12th, each one has a lot of stories and numerous old residences of celebrities. The old residence of Mei Lanfang () lies in lane 9th where the love story between Mei and Meng took place. After the college student who kidnapped Mei was beheaded, his head was hung on the electricity pole at the entrance of the Hutong. The lane 8th has old residences of Zhu Qiling (), an acting Premier of the Republic of China, Ye Shengtao (), Zhang Shizhao (), Tang Shengming (), Zhu Haibei (), an aunt of Pu Yi, and Zhu Yifan (), a teacher of Pu Yi. The lane 7th has the old residence of Feng Deying (), the author of Bitter Cauliflower, and Zhang Ting () (Pu Yi sent him to study overseas in Japan) also lived here once. The famous writer Hao Ran () lived in lane 10th, and next to this was a small temple where a eunuch was residing. When Jia was still a kid, he always saw an old eunuch who was running the Ruixingcheng Oil & Salt Shop telling royal palace stories, sitting on the steps. After entering junior high school, Jia Yinghua learned that one of his classmates had a neighbor named Yu Rongling () who was a former female court official of Empress Dowager Cixi. As Jia once attended a learning group in that courtyard, he could still remember that Rongling had pretty pale skin, white hair but looked young and fairly glamorous. When the Cultural Revolution started, Jia was in junior high school. One day, he found a manuscript of ''From Emperor to Citizen'': The Autobiography of Aisin-Gioro PuYi in the Red Guards' Headquarters in Gulou, and spent the night reading it, and surprised himself that the world had such an interesting story, In 1967, PuYi died and his widow Li Shuxian () moved into the Dongsi lane 8th. At that time, she had no contact with other neighbors but established quite a good relationship with Jia's mother. In his twenties, Jia had a break at home due to nephritis. At that moment, Li Shuxian was working in Guang'anmen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, and often took him with her to take the earliest bus to her hospital to see a doctor. After Premier Zhou Enlai () died, Li Shuxian occasionally talked about how Premier Zhou cared about Pu Yi when he was alive. Jia had quite a few interviews with her probing these things. In 1980, an article was published on Battlefield．People’s Daily and Xinhua Digest, marking the initial joint publish of articles between him and Li Shuxian. Afterwards, Jia and Li Shuxian got ready to write The Later Half of the Last Emperor's Life under invitation from Zhou Lei, the then director of the editing department of Social Sciences Frontline. Jia went to a couple of hospitals and solicited the medical treatment records of Pu Yi and digested relevant content and wrote the outline and interview framework, altogether more than 50,000 Chinese characters. Unfortunately, his documents were taken away by a magazine reporter who came to him under an appointment, and that reporter published his own article using Jia's manuscripts. Several years later, Jia sued that reporter in a law court. The latter told the judges that Jia only had junior high school education and was not capable of writing articles or books independently. His words greatly injured Jia who from that day made up his mind to write out the story about the latter half life of Pu Yi. In the ensuing decade, Jia collected historic files over again. He interviewed more than 300 people who were associated with Pu Yi successively and had accumulated enormous first-hand documents. During this painstaking period of time, his footprints were seen in Changchun in the north, Guangdong in the south, Penglai in the east, and he even consulted historic files written by Johnston in the British Library during his visit to the United Kingdom. At that time Jia Yinghua was working in Beijing Thermal Power Plant located in Bawangfen (the 8th Princess’ Tomb) and had only one day off in a week, so he utilized evenings and all his holidays making interviews. He went all over the city of Beijing within 10 years in which he did not go to the cinema even once and had no TV set in his home. He also squeezed his wedding holiday to make interviews in Hebei and Shandong. The most embarrassing words were heard when he was interviewing Cai Duan (), the son of Cai E (, a military general). When the old man learned that Jia Yinghua just went to grade 1 of junior high school and was a worker in a thermal power plant, he sniffed, "There are a lot of scholars in the literature history museum waiting to write books. You are a worker, just do your duty, why writing a book about Pu Yi?" Jia visited Cai Duan three times and the latter always refused to meet him, claiming that his wife was suffering an illness and it was not the right time. Jia said, "I have one question only: were you in the same office with Pu Yi or not?" This question was disputable for a long time as some people claimed it was true and some said it was not. Cai's answer was short, "Yes, I was." Despite of failure of three visits, this single word was considered precious by Jia as it clarified one historic detail. Pu Yi once labored in Beijing Botanical Garden. To find out details in that time period, Jia rode his bicycle and crossed the city to interview Pu Yi's former colleagues. These people were quite enthusiastic and told him a lot of stories about Pu Yi. At noon, Jia ate steamed buns and drank two mouthfuls of tap water and had a short break lying on a wooden board cushioned with two pieces of newspapers, and resumed interviews in the afternoon. The most miserable case was that one day in order to find a witness, Jia set out at 6:00 A.M. and rode bicycle from Bawangfen to Summer Palace, and to Xiang Mountain, and returned to Shichahai in downtown Beijing. When he finally caught that witness, it was over 20:00 P.M Liu Bao'an () was a coworker of Pu Yi in Beijing Botanical Garden. In order to find Liu, Jia walked two circles around the county of Penglai in Shandong Province and finally arrived at the geracomium where Liu was living. Liu once served in the Korean War and got quite excited when meeting Jia, saying that Jia was the first person to see him in the geracomium. Liu gave Jia a lot of original letters (including the precious envelopes) written by Pu Yi. These letters were strong proof that Chairman Mao did meet with Pu Yi. The exact date and time of their meeting could be found in the letters, thus solving a long disputable question in the research of Pu Yi. Jia Yinghua was quite perseverant. In 40 years, he never stopped interviewing all witnesses who stayed with Pu Yi and kept audio records of most interviews. He even made cross-generation friends with many royal family members, like Pu Jie () and Runq i(), who was a younger brother of Wan Rong (), etc. In addition, Jia also became a good friend of Sun Yaoting, the last eunuch of China, and made audio tapes for nearly 100 hours and more than 10 Betamax video tapes. On May 29, 1980, the memorial meeting for Pu Yi was splendidly kicked off. When he died in 1967, there was a meager cremains casket and short inscription written by Pu Jie. In the new moment, family members decided to give him a bigger casket made of pear wood. Li Shuxian also asked Jia Yinghua to write the epigraph, Pu Jie nodded with pleasure. Therefore, Jia Yinghua became the person who wrote the epigraph for the last emperor of China. Jia completed nine books of the ''Last Emperor'' Series. Among the over 300 interviewees Jia had talked with, most have died, so the audio and video tapes made with these people become precious historical documents. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jia Yinghua」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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